Pesaro is a town and comune in the Italian region of the Marche, capital of the Pesaro e Urbino province, on the Adriatic. According to the 2007 census, its population was 92,206.
Fishery, furniture industry and tourism are the main strengths of the local economy.
The city was founded as Pisaurum by the Romans in 184 BC as colony in the territory of the Piceni, the people who lived in the Marche during the Iron Age. A settlement of the latter tribe, one of their most ancient, has been found at Novilara. The northern Piceni were invaded in the 4th century BC by the Senones Gauls, and when the Romans reached the area the population was a mix of the two races.
The Pesaro film festival (Mostra Internazionale del Nuovo Cinema) has taken place in Pesaro since 1965.
Opera composer Gioacchino Rossini was born in Pesaro in 1792. Pesaro is home of the Rossini Opera Festival, which has taken place every summer since 1980.
Pesaro hosts the home games of Victoria Libertas basketball team, better known across Europe as Scavolini Pesaro.