Buesum is a fishing and tourist town in the district of Dithmarschen, in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is situated on the North Sea coast, approx. 18 km southwest of Heide.
Buesum is also the administrative seat of the Amt Kirchspielslandgemeinde ("collective municipality") Buesum.
Fishing
Neocorus reported that the main source of living for the people of Buesum during his times were fishing and farming. Buesum as a fisher town is primarily known for its specialty Büsumer Krabben (North Sea shrimp, Crangon crangon), which are processed and canned for sale. The first records of shrimping in Buesum date from 1624. During this time, shrimp fishing was mostly done by women with nets in the tidal gullies of the Wadden Sea. At the end of the 19th century, fishing on the high seas became popular and added the need for seafaring fishing boats. Before World War II, Buesum's fishing fleet counted 132 vessels. Since then, the number of fishing vessels has continuously decreased. In 1998, Büsum's fishing fleet consisted of 35 fishing boats, with the harbor hosting 20 additional fishing vessels, mainly from the Netherlands.
Shipbuilding
Buesum had an active shipyard which started as a fishing boat repair service in 1902 and was expanded to build increasingly larger ships over the decades. During World War II, the shipyard in Buesum manufactured submarine parts. It finally closed in 1986, rendered unprofitable by overseas competition.
Tourism
Since 1818, Buesum has been used as a spa town visited for the healing effects of the seawater and the mudflats of the Wadden Sea. It gained official Nordseebad (North Sea spa) status in 1837. To accommodate spa guests, Büsum was connected to the Prussian railroad network in 1883.
During the Nazi regime, Buesum was a destination for Kraft durch Freude ("strength through joy") tourists, a recreational program organized by the NSDAP.
In 1949, Buesum was officially named a Nordseeheilbad (North Sea health spa). Nowadays, Buesum is a popular summer vacation spot for families and day trips from Hamburg. in 2002, Buesum accommodated 658,723 overnight stays by 83,295 guests. Nearly all (99.5 percent) of Buesum's tourists are Germans.